UAV-Based Remote Sensing Applications for Bridge Condition Assessment

一篇按传感器组织的基于无人机的桥梁状态评估系统综述：可见光成像、红外热成像、LiDAR 及其他传感器。文章从约 700 条检索结果中筛选出 2000-2020 年的 65 篇论文进行分析，涵盖性能因素（设备、飞手、桥型、天气、法规）、航线规划、数据分析和成本。报告的成本差异很大，其中包括无人机巡检反而更贵的案例。挑战包括缺乏标准流程、风雨、电池限制以及桥面下方 GPS 信号丢失。

主要发现

• 65 papers analysed (2000-2020); about 80% from the last three years
• One study: UAV inspection of fracture-critical members cost about 130% more than an under-bridge truck because it took longer
• Other studies: about 10% cheaper, 66% cost savings, or 46% faster and 61% cheaper
• Thermography about 9% less accurate than hammer sounding for delamination, but 6-8% more accurate than half-cell potential
• Wind limit around 24 km/h recommended for safe operation

局限

• Last part of the page (about 15% of text) not read
• Cost figures come from heterogeneous individual studies
• GPR not reviewed as a UAV payload