Airffic Inspection无人机巡检未来指南

REGULATIONS / NL

荷兰：检查用无人机规则

荷兰适用欧盟规则，由 RDW 负责注册（运营者编号须标示在无人机上），由 ILT 负责特定类别许可和 STS 声明。只有 20 kg 以上才强制投保，C1-C3 级无人机和所有特定类别无人机都须具备 Remote ID。开放类别的飞行仅限非管制空域；政府已于 2026 年向议会说明了用四级分层区域取代约 15 km 机场管制区的计划，但其启动日期以及针对工业或关键设施的国家规则尚未得到确认。

已对照官方来源核实

各字段按研究笔记的语言记录。

主管部门人間環境・運輸監督局 (ILT)、車両登録局 (RDW)、インフラ・水管理省 (IenW) / Inspectie Leefomgeving en Transport (ILT, acting as CAA NL) for Specific-category permits, STS declarations and enforcement; RDW for operator registration; Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (IenW) for zoning policy; LVNL publishes airspace restrictions in the GoDrone app
主要框架EU Regulations 2019/947 and 2019/945 (ILT: the Netherlands applies them as an EASA Member State), plus Dutch national implementing rules (Regeling onbemande luchtvaartuigen; content not read: not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).
注册Owners/operators register with the RDW and receive an operator (exploitant) number, which must be visible on the drone. No registration if the drone is under 250 g without a camera, or under 250 g with a CE toy mark. Insurance is mandatory only for drones over 20 kg (to be added to the RDW operator record); it is recommended but not required for lighter drones.
远程识别（Remote ID）Remote ID is required for C1, C2 and C3 drones and for all drones in the Specific category (Rijksoverheid).
飞手执照Pilots of drones of 250 g or more need a certificate (vliegbewijs), must be 16 or older and carry it in flight; pilots under 16 need a certificate-holding observer. Certificates are valid EU-wide. Specific-category competence per the ILT permit or STS.
风险类别Open (no ILT permit; visible Cx class label required) / Specific (ILT permit or STS operational declaration; drones of 25 kg or more are automatically Specific) / Certified (rules still being developed, per Rijksoverheid). ILT notes that operator permit applications may for now be sent by email. PDRA/SORA/LUC handling by ILT (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).
超视距（BVLOS）BVLOS requires the Specific category (ILT permit or STS-02 declaration). Specific ILT procedure for BVLOS (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).
夜间与人员上空Per EU rules. National night conditions (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22). Pilots must not fly near emergency services (e.g. trauma helicopters) and must land if other air traffic is near.
靠近结构物Open flights only in uncontrolled airspace; controlled airspace and other restricted parts of free airspace are shown in the LVNL GoDrone app. Around civil airports, flight within about a 15 km radius currently needs ATC permission; IenW proposed (answer to parliamentary questions received 4 Feb 2026) replacing this with four zones that are less strict further from the airport while keeping drones banned along approach and departure routes; entry-into-force date not given. National rules for industrial or critical infrastructure (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).
室内与受限空间Treatment of indoor flights under Dutch rules (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).
影像与隐私Rijksoverheid: only film people who have given consent. GDPR (AVG) and Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens guidance apply (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).
近期变化15 May 2025: ILT English drone portal issued (updated Oct 2026). 9 Dec 2025 / 4 Feb 2026: parliamentary questions and answers on the IenW proposal to shrink and tier the drone restriction zones around Schiphol and other civil airports (CTR zoning); status after Feb 2026 (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22).

如果同一次飞行还涉及拍摄，航拍指南介绍了荷兰无人机航拍的规则与来源。

来源

来源已核对: 2026-10-22