REGULATIONS / VN
越南：检查用无人机规则
越南依据《人民防空法》（2025 年 7 月生效）制定的第 288/2025/ND-CP 号法令（2025 年 11 月 5 日）管理无人机。每架无人机在使用前都必须向公安部注册。飞手需要国防部颁发的证书：0.25 kg 及以上的无人机需要 A 类（目视）证书，2 kg 及以上且进行 BVLOS 或按预设航线飞行的无人机需要 B 类（依靠设备）证书。几乎每次飞行都需要国防部的许可，须至少提前 7 天申请（涉及机场时为 12 天）。在禁区或限制区之外飞行的 0.25 kg 以下娱乐无人机属于少数豁免情形之一。50 m 及以上的飞行需要提前通知军方，200 m 以上的飞行需要与空管协调，因此巡检工作必须为许可办理周期预留时间。
已对照官方来源核实
各字段按研究笔记的语言记录。
| 主管部门 | 国防省（飛行許可・操縦者ライセンス・技術基準）、公安省（登録）、ベトナム民間航空局 (CAAV) / Ministry of National Defence (flight permits, pilot licences, technical standards); Ministry of Public Security (registration); Civil Aviation Authority of Vietnam / Ministry of Construction (coordination where civil aviation is affected) |
| 主要框架 | Decree 288/2025/ND-CP on the management of unmanned aircraft and other aerial vehicles (issued 5 November 2025; 8 chapters, 35 articles), made under the Law on People's Air Defence (49/2024/QH15) and Law 98/2025/QH15. VnEconomy reports that it took effect on 5 November 2025, but the effective-date clause was not in the excerpt read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 注册 | Every drone must have a registration certificate (or a temporary registration) before operation. Registration is handled by the Ministry of Public Security, which shares the data with the bodies that issue flight permits. Owners must prove lawful ownership (import licence and customs declaration, invoice or transfer document), and aircraft must meet technical standards issued or recognised by the Ministry of National Defence. Whether drones under 0.25 kg are exempt from registration was not confirmed (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 远程识别（Remote ID） | Decree 288 shares registration data electronically between ministries. Any Remote ID or electronic tracking provision in the articles not read was not checked (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 飞手执照 | Pilots must be at least 18 and free of alcohol and drugs. Drones of 0.25 kg or more need a Class A (visual line of sight) certificate. Drones of 2 kg or more flown BVLOS, or on pre-programmed routes through a central controller, need a Class B (equipment-based) certificate. Licences are issued by the Ministry of National Defence after training at an accredited institution and are valid for 10 years. Foreign pilots need a Vietnamese sponsor. |
| 风险类别 | Five weight classes: <0.25 kg, 0.25-<2 kg, 2-<25 kg, 25-<150 kg, ≥150 kg. Drones are also classed by control method (VLOS or equipment-based) and by purpose (commercial, agriculture, survey, recreation, research, training, official use and others). |
| 超视距（BVLOS） | BVLOS needs a Class B pilot certificate (drones of 2 kg or more) and a flight permit from the Ministry of National Defence. |
| 夜间与人员上空 | (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 靠近结构物 | Every flight needs a Ministry of National Defence permit, except recreational drones under 0.25 kg flown outside prohibited and restricted zones, and emergency search and rescue. Applications are due at least 7 days before the flight, or 12 days with a NOTAM where airports or published procedures are affected, and a decision is due within 5 working days. Permits are valid up to 30 days for a single flight, 180 days for official or agricultural work and 360 days in traditional flight zones. Prohibited zones are open only to official state duties, and restricted zones need coordination with military and police units. Flights at or above 50 m need advance flight forecasts through the provincial military command, and flights above 200 m need coordination with air traffic control. No specific rule for structures or utilities was found (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 室内与受限空间 | (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 影像与隐私 | The personal data protection framework (Decree 13/2023 and the 2025 Personal Data Protection Law) may apply (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 近期变化 | The Law on People's Air Defence (49/2024/QH15) took effect 1 July 2025 (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22). Decree 288/2025/ND-CP of 5 November 2025 introduced registration by the Ministry of Public Security, Class A/B pilot certificates, and MND flight permits with set lead times. Authorities may intercept, force down or disable drones that threaten security, and may seize aircraft. Which earlier decree it replaced (presumably Decree 36/2008/ND-CP as amended) was not confirmed (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22). |
来源
- Nghị định 288/2025/NĐ-CP quy định quản lý tàu bay không người lái và phương tiện bay khác已读全文
- Ban hành quy định quản lý tàu bay không người lái và phương tiện bay khác (8 November 2025)已读全文
来源已核对: 2026-10-22