REGULATIONS / VN
Viêt Nam: règles applicables aux drones d’inspection
Le Viêt Nam encadre les drones par le décret 288/2025/ND-CP (5 novembre 2025), pris en application de la loi sur la défense aérienne populaire (en vigueur depuis juillet 2025). Chaque drone doit être enregistré auprès du ministère de la Sécurité publique avant utilisation. Les télépilotes doivent détenir un certificat du ministère de la Défense nationale : classe A (en vue) pour les drones de 0,25 kg ou plus, et classe B (selon l’équipement) pour les drones de 2 kg ou plus exploités hors vue ou sur des itinéraires programmés. Presque tous les vols nécessitent une autorisation du MND, à demander au moins 7 jours à l’avance (12 jours si des aéroports sont concernés). Les drones de loisir de moins de 0,25 kg hors des zones interdites ou réglementées font partie des rares exemptions. Les vols à 50 m ou plus nécessitent un préavis aux militaires et ceux au-delà de 200 m une coordination avec le contrôle aérien ; les travaux d’inspection doivent donc prévoir les délais d’autorisation.
Vérifié auprès des sources officielles
Les champs sont consignés dans la langue des notes de recherche.
| Autorité | 国防省（飛行許可・操縦者ライセンス・技術基準）、公安省（登録）、ベトナム民間航空局 (CAAV) / Ministry of National Defence (flight permits, pilot licences, technical standards); Ministry of Public Security (registration); Civil Aviation Authority of Vietnam / Ministry of Construction (coordination where civil aviation is affected) |
| Cadre principal | Decree 288/2025/ND-CP on the management of unmanned aircraft and other aerial vehicles (issued 5 November 2025; 8 chapters, 35 articles), made under the Law on People's Air Defence (49/2024/QH15) and Law 98/2025/QH15. VnEconomy reports that it took effect on 5 November 2025, but the effective-date clause was not in the excerpt read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Immatriculation | Every drone must have a registration certificate (or a temporary registration) before operation. Registration is handled by the Ministry of Public Security, which shares the data with the bodies that issue flight permits. Owners must prove lawful ownership (import licence and customs declaration, invoice or transfer document), and aircraft must meet technical standards issued or recognised by the Ministry of National Defence. Whether drones under 0.25 kg are exempt from registration was not confirmed (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Identification à distance | Decree 288 shares registration data electronically between ministries. Any Remote ID or electronic tracking provision in the articles not read was not checked (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Licence de télépilote | Pilots must be at least 18 and free of alcohol and drugs. Drones of 0.25 kg or more need a Class A (visual line of sight) certificate. Drones of 2 kg or more flown BVLOS, or on pre-programmed routes through a central controller, need a Class B (equipment-based) certificate. Licences are issued by the Ministry of National Defence after training at an accredited institution and are valid for 10 years. Foreign pilots need a Vietnamese sponsor. |
| Catégories de risque | Five weight classes: <0.25 kg, 0.25-<2 kg, 2-<25 kg, 25-<150 kg, ≥150 kg. Drones are also classed by control method (VLOS or equipment-based) and by purpose (commercial, agriculture, survey, recreation, research, training, official use and others). |
| BVLOS | BVLOS needs a Class B pilot certificate (drones of 2 kg or more) and a flight permit from the Ministry of National Defence. |
| Nuit et survol de personnes | (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Près des ouvrages | Every flight needs a Ministry of National Defence permit, except recreational drones under 0.25 kg flown outside prohibited and restricted zones, and emergency search and rescue. Applications are due at least 7 days before the flight, or 12 days with a NOTAM where airports or published procedures are affected, and a decision is due within 5 working days. Permits are valid up to 30 days for a single flight, 180 days for official or agricultural work and 360 days in traditional flight zones. Prohibited zones are open only to official state duties, and restricted zones need coordination with military and police units. Flights at or above 50 m need advance flight forecasts through the provincial military command, and flights above 200 m need coordination with air traffic control. No specific rule for structures or utilities was found (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Intérieur et confiné | (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Images et vie privée | The personal data protection framework (Decree 13/2023 and the 2025 Personal Data Protection Law) may apply (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| Changements récents | The Law on People's Air Defence (49/2024/QH15) took effect 1 July 2025 (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22). Decree 288/2025/ND-CP of 5 November 2025 introduced registration by the Ministry of Public Security, Class A/B pilot certificates, and MND flight permits with set lead times. Authorities may intercept, force down or disable drones that threaten security, and may seize aircraft. Which earlier decree it replaced (presumably Decree 36/2008/ND-CP as amended) was not confirmed (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22). |
Sources
- Nghị định 288/2025/NĐ-CP quy định quản lý tàu bay không người lái và phương tiện bay khácTexte intégral lu
- Ban hành quy định quản lý tàu bay không người lái và phương tiện bay khác (8 November 2025)Texte intégral lu
Sources vérifiées: 2026-10-22