REGULATIONS / ZA
南非：检查用无人机规则
南非依据《民用航空规章》Part 101 监管无人机，该部分已由 2023 年 3 月的第 26 次修正案大幅改写。每架无人机都需要注册证书和无人机系统批准函（有效期 12 个月），飞手需要远程飞手证书（RPC），商业作业需要无人机系统运营者证书（UASOC）和责任保险。禁止在人员上方或距人 50 m 范围内飞行，也禁止在建筑物或构筑物 50 m 范围内飞行。在取得所有者许可并为地面人员提供保护的前提下，建筑物距离规则可以豁免，这对巡检工作帮助很大。400 ft 以上、机场 10 km 范围内，或核电站、国家重点设施及其他敏感场所附近的飞行需要局长批准。BVLOS 和夜间飞行在 UASOC 运行手册或运行规范中逐案批准。
已对照官方来源核实
各字段按研究笔记的语言记录。
| 主管部门 | 南アフリカ民間航空局 (SACAA) / South African Civil Aviation Authority (SACAA) |
| 主要框架 | Civil Aviation Regulations, 2011, Part 101 – Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems, made under the Civil Aviation Act 13 of 2009, with technical standards in SA-CATS 101. Part 101 was largely rewritten by the Twenty-Sixth Amendment of the Civil Aviation Regulations, 2023 (Notice No. R. 3170, GG 48228, 17 March 2023). It applies to Class 1 and 2 UAS unless the Director decides otherwise, and excludes autonomous aircraft, free balloons, aircraft that cannot be managed in real time, Part 94 aircraft, model aircraft and toys. The regulation text was read in a commercial legal-publisher reproduction (Acts Online), not the Government Gazette itself. |
| 注册 | A UA may not be operated in South Africa without a certificate of registration and registration mark issued by the Director (101.02.4). The mark format is set in SA-CATS 101. Ownership transfers must be notified within 30 days. Each UAS also needs a UAS Letter of Approval (UASLA, 101.02.1), valid 12 months. Whether lighter or private-use aircraft are exempt depends on the Class 1/2 definitions in SA-CATS, which were not read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 远程识别（Remote ID） | No Remote ID provision was found in the regulations read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 飞手执照 | Under the 2023 text the pilot must carry a valid remote pilot certificate (RPC), a copy of the UA operator's certificate (UASOC) and its operations specifications, a registration certificate for each UA, the operator's liability insurance certificate and the user manuals (101.05.10(1)). Operation types are commercial, corporate, non-profit or private. |
| 风险类别 | Class 1 and 2 UAS as defined in the regulations and SA-CATS 101, combined with operation types (commercial, corporate, non-profit, private). There is no EU-style Open/Specific scheme. The class definitions were not read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 超视距（BVLOS） | BVLOS is prohibited unless the Director approves it in a UASOC holder's operations manual, which requires meeting SA-CATS 101. Approved BVLOS must stay in VMC and below 400 ft above the surface unless otherwise approved (101.05.11). |
| 夜间与人员上空 | Night flight is allowed only in R-VLOS operation or with Director approval for a UASOC holder, recorded on the OpSpec and compliant with SA-CATS 101. Night operations in controlled airspace need separate approval (101.05.12). No flight directly over people or within 50 m laterally of any person, except with a UASOC and Director approval, or for the operator's own crew with adequate safety provisions (101.05.13). |
| 靠近结构物 | No flight within 50 m laterally of any structure or building (101.05.14) unless the operator holds a UASOC with Director approval, or has the owner's permission and takes measures to protect people on the ground. Owner permission therefore opens close-in structure inspection. Unless the Director authorises otherwise: no flight above 400 ft, within 10 km of an aerodrome reference point, in restricted or prohibited airspace, or next to or above a nuclear power plant, prison, police station, crime scene, court, national key point or strategic installation (101.05.10(3)). National key points and strategic installations can include major power and industrial sites. |
| 室内与受限空间 | The applicability rule does not mention indoor operations (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 影像与隐私 | Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 近期变化 | The Twenty-Sixth Amendment of the Civil Aviation Regulations (17 March 2023) substituted most of Part 101, bringing in UASLA, UASOC, RPC terminology and the current distance and night rules. Amendments in 2024-2026 were not checked (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
如果同一次飞行还涉及拍摄，航拍指南介绍了南非无人机航拍的规则与来源。
关于非洲其他地区的配送规则，请参阅肯尼亚无人机配送规则与一次来源（物流指南）。
来源
- CAR 101.01.1 – Applicability已读全文
- CAR 101.02.1 – UAS letter of approval已读全文
- CAR 101.02.4 – Registration and marking已读全文
- CAR 101.05.10 – General restrictions已读全文
- CAR 101.05.11 – Beyond visual line of sight operations已读全文
- CAR 101.05.12 – Night operations已读全文
- CAR 101.05.13 – Operations in vicinity of people已读全文
- CAR 101.05.14 – Operations in the vicinity of property, structures and buildings已读全文
来源已核对: 2026-10-22