REGULATIONS / BR
巴西：检查用无人机规则
2026年6月16日，巴西 ANAC 以 RBAC 100（第 805 号决议）完全取代了 RBAC-E 94。新规采用基于风险的开放、特定和认证类别，并接受 SORA。开放类指最大 25 kg、视距内/扩展视距内、≤120 m 且远离第三方。适用距无关人员 30 m 的最小距离，但有坚固机械屏障保护时除外。超视距属于特定类别，需要标准场景或运营授权。除 250 g 及以下者外，所有无人航空器须在 ANAC 登记（SISANT，有效期 24 个月），远程飞手须通过 ANAC 理论考试。现有授权有 2 年过渡期。DECEA 的空域规则未经核实。
已对照官方来源核实
各字段按研究笔记的语言记录。
| 主管部门 | 国家民間航空庁 (ANAC)、空域管制局 (DECEA)、国家電気通信庁 (ANATEL) / Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (ANAC); Departamento de Controle do Espaço Aéreo (DECEA); Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações (ANATEL) |
| 主要框架 | RBAC nº 100, 'Requisitos gerais para aeronaves não tripuladas de uso civil' (Amendment 00), approved by ANAC Resolution nº 805 of 15 June 2026 and in force on publication in the DOU on 16 June 2026. It fully replaces RBAC-E nº 94 (2017) and revokes Resolutions 419/2017, 622/2021, 649/2021 and 710/2023. Resolution 806/2026 deals with model aircraft and drones of 250 g or less (not read; (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22)). DECEA rules (ICA 100-40) govern airspace access, and ANATEL handles equipment homologation. The DECEA text was not read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 注册 | RBAC 100.301 requires every UA to be registered with ANAC and linked to a Brazilian CPF or CNPJ. Registration is valid for 24 months, lapses if not renewed within 6 months of expiry, and the registration number must be displayed on the aircraft. Type-certified UA go on the Brazilian Aeronautical Registry (RAB). Registration is done in SISANT, which is free and gives prefixes PP (non-recreational), PR (recreational) and PS (specific). Drones up to 250 g flown up to 120 m AGL in VLOS or EVLOS are outside RBAC 100 and need no ANAC registration. |
| 远程识别（Remote ID） | RBAC 100 Amendment 00 does not mention Remote ID (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 飞手执照 | Every remote pilot must pass an ANAC theory exam. Paragraph 100.13(b) is waived until 31 December 2026 by Resolution 805; secondary reports say this paragraph is the theory-exam requirement (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22). Pilots under 18 must be accompanied by a responsible adult pilot. For Specific-category operations the pilot needs one of three things: a commercial pilot licence with a valid IFR rating, compliance with a standard scenario, or an ANAC remote pilot licence with a Specific-category rating. |
| 风险类别 | Risk-based Open/Specific/Certified categories (RBAC 100.5). Open covers flights up to 25 kg in VLOS/EVLOS, ≤120 m AGL, away from third parties, with an operational risk assessment updated every 12 months. The assessment becomes optional if the flight stays more than 150 m from uninvolved people or they are protected by a strong mechanical barrier. Specific applies whenever an Open condition is not met. It runs either under an ANAC standard scenario or with an operational authorisation backed by an accepted risk-assessment method (SORA accepted under Resolution 805 Art. 4) and a Specific-category operator registration (COE). Certified applies to high-risk dangerous goods or risks that cannot otherwise be mitigated. |
| 超视距（BVLOS） | BVLOS means any operation that does not meet VLOS or EVLOS conditions. Such flights fall in the Specific category and need a standard scenario or an operational authorisation with risk assessment, design authorisation and an airworthiness certificate (unless a standard scenario says otherwise). DECEA airspace authorisation is also needed (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 夜间与人员上空 | In general a UA must stay at least 30 m horizontally from uninvolved people. The minimum does not apply where a strong mechanical barrier protects them, and people who have expressly consented may be closer at their own risk. Night operations must use navigation lights where applicable (100.107). RBAC 100 sets no other specific night rule, and the DECEA night conditions were not read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 靠近结构物 | RBAC 100 has no specific provision for operations near structures or infrastructure. The strong-mechanical-barrier concept (for the 30 m and 150 m distances) may help work near structures. DECEA's simplified access for operations close to obstacles was not read (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 室内与受限空间 | RBAC 100 Amendment 00 has no explicit indoor exemption (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
| 影像与隐私 | LGPD (Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados) applies to imagery or personal data collected in urban operations (law-firm commentary; (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22)). |
| 近期变化 | 16 June 2026: RBAC 100 replaced RBAC-E 94 (Resolution 805, in force on publication), with JARUS SORA accepted, and RBAC 90 and RBAC 137 amended (RBAC 137 now covers agricultural UA operations). Transition rules: acts issued under RBAC-E 94 stay valid until revoked. Previously authorised operations outside Open or a standard scenario need a new operational authorisation within 2 years. ANAC offices may keep RBAC-E 94 conditions in specific cases until 16 June 2028. Paragraph 100.13(b) is waived until 31 December 2026. Resolution 806/2026 was adopted alongside, for drones and model aircraft of 250 g or less (not verified against an official source, 2026-10-22) |
如果同一次飞行还涉及拍摄，航拍指南介绍了巴西无人机航拍的规则与来源。
关于一般飞行规则（不仅限于检查），请参阅巴西无人机的关键规则（葡萄牙语）。
来源
- RBAC nº 100 Emenda 00 – Requisitos gerais para aeronaves não tripuladas de uso civil已读全文
- Resolução nº 805, de 15 de junho de 2026已读全文
- Cadastrar drone (básico)已读全文
- Novo regulamento de drones no Brasil: o que muda com o RBAC-E 100 (25 June 2026)已读全文
- ANAC aprova RBAC 100 e atualiza normas para drones civis, substitui RBAC-E 94已读全文
来源已核对: 2026-10-22